Landscape drainage

Equal access
Requirements for the integration of equal access for all users
The Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) defines ‘premises’ as the whole of the built environment and includes existing buildings, new or proposed buildings, transport systems, car parks, pathways, and public parks and gardens.
Note: Consult an access consultant accredited by the Association of Consultants in Access Australia (ACAA).
Elements required for equal access
- Embellishments must be designed in accordance with AS 1428 Design for access and mobility.
- Ensure that landscape drainage structures are visible for persons with vision impairment by installing bollards or guide posts to delineate the path/trail edge, where required. Bollards, where installed must have a luminance factor of not less than 30% with the background they are viewed against.
- Install landscape drainage structures at a minimum 500 mm offset from the edge of a pathway, to provide safe clearance for pedestrians and cyclists.
- Avoid finished height difference between a concrete slab and adjoining surfaces to prevent trip hazards and to prevent ‘tramlining’ of pram, bicycle and wheelchair wheels.
- Where finished height differences between the path/trail and drainage structures are unavoidable, select a drainage material which provides a luminance contrast with adjacent materials, to alert persons with vision impairment.
- Cyclist paths surface tolerance is maximum 20 mm perpendicular to the direction of travel. See Austroads Part 6A for further guidance.
- Pedestrian paths surface tolerance is maximum 5.0 mm deviation from a 500 mm straight edge laid anywhere on the surface. See Austroads Part 6 for further guidance.
- Grates must be designed to resist entry of high heeled shoes. Maximum grate hole size in least dimension to be 8 mm. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) A112.6.3 Floor and Trench Drains.
- Slotted grate openings allowable up to 13 mm wide and 150 mm long. Openings to be oriented so that the long dimension is perpendicular to path of travel. See AS 1428.1 – Design for access and mobility set for further guidance.
- Use bicycle safe grates which do not trap or ‘tramline’ bicycle wheels. See AS 3996 – Access covers and grates for further guidance.
- Ensure a flush transition from drainage grate to adjoining surface. Construction tolerances ±3 mm vertical, ±5 mm bevelled or rounded edges.
Visual/sensory wayfinding
- For people with a vision impairment, provide a minimum 30% luminance contrast between objects and the background they are viewed against, for ease of identification.
- Where luminance contrast may not be achieved (such as grey aluminium furniture on grey concrete), luminance contrast can be addressed by introducing colour into the ground surface providing a minimum 30% luminance contrast with the embellishment base, resulting in the embellishment being more visible for people who have low vision.
See the following for further guidance:
- AS 1428.1 – Design for access and mobility Part 1: General requirements for access – New building work for test criteria.
- Figure 18: Typical – grated drain across a path of travel.
Figure 18: Typical – grated drain across a path of travel

This component is currently in development