Types

Smart technologies consist of digital infrastructure, telecommunications connectivity, and the sensors, actuators and devices that provide data.

Smart technology types/summary

Digital infrastructure

Table 1: Digital infrastructure

Infrastructure	Application	Key considerations (for open space application)
Multi-function poles Suitable for standard light poles, enabling environmental sensors, digital signage, WiFi, pedestrian, cycle and animal counters, LED lights and optic fibre; all to be incorporated within pole structure Figure 2: Typical multifunction pole system for open spaces.	Permanent Replace standard light and traffic poles where nominated	Conduct thorough planning and selection, to meet current and future innovation Suitable for high profile parks/reserves where approved by asset custodian Select products and finishes to minimise the visual impact Avoid tree roots and canopies Capability for connection to telecommunications network Use robust plastic casing for passive and active equipment to minimise rust Determine asset responsibility before installation.
Integrated switchboard Houses mains electrical and telecommunications services distributed to the service area Includes space for specialised controllers such as: irrigation, events use, coloured lighting, and communications switches for multi-function poles.	Permanent Existing switchboard	Provide telecommunications conduits to council’s telecommunication network, NBN or other carriers. Suitable for high profile parks/reserves where approved by asset custodian Provide flexibility for equipment to be added in future Install in an environment that has casual surveillance to limit vandalism. Position to minimise view impact Avoid tree roots and canopies Integrated into existing switchboard. Where new switchboard is installed, select an exterior finish to minimise the visual impact All new switchboard construction and existing services integration into existing switchboard must be in accordance with Australian Standards etc.
Digital kiosks Provide interactive touch screen information about events, wayfinding, weather, local history and public transport. May be used for historic/cultural presentations, either individually or as a group of kiosks.	Permanent Wall mounted Free standing	Suitable for high profile parks/reserves where approved by asset custodian Appropriate location such as entry point. Provide access for people to interact with screen e.g. menu design for wheelchair accessibility and young children. Provide information in audible format or transmitted by Bluetooth to hand held devices for people with low vision Select products and finishes to minimise the visual impact Include camera for augmented reality experiences Light/sound dimming from late evening to early morning (consider hours of operation) Install in an environment that has casual surveillance to limit vandalism (CPTED principles) Ensure rock gardens/loose rocks are not close by to reduce the risk of vandalism Must comply with privacy and data collection legislation and policies. Content managed by Councils Smart Cities Team, in consultation with relevant branches Advertising is not permitted on kiosks.
Digital screens Present information such as park event details, parking space availability, and other local information (the screens are not interactive).	Permanent Pole or wall mounted Mounted under shelter	Suitable for high profile parks/reserves where approved by asset custodian Appropriate location such as entry point and grouping of embellishments Select products and finishes to minimise the visual impact Light/sound dimming from late evening to early morning Place in garden beds to minimise obstruction of paths Ensure rock gardens/loose rocks are not close by to reduce the risk of vandalism Content managed by Councils Smart Cities Team, in consultation with relevant branches Advertising is not permitted on kiosks.
Other infrastructure Arbors, art installations, urban furniture, signposts, event power generator pads, and bollards can be fitted with power, telecommunications ducting can be fitted with power, communications ducting, and cavities for sensors, devices and actuators to be added over time.	Permanent Determined by designer	Suitable for high profile parks/reserves where approved by asset custodian Provide conduits for electrical and telecommunications (optic fibre) for future embellishments to be added at low cost Appropriate location and grouping of embellishments Select products and finishes to minimise the visual impact Determine times of use and impact when not in use Do not install on trees Avoid tree roots and canopies Shrouding to be installed on external cabling.

^{For further information also refer}^{Sunshine Coast Smart Infrastructure Manual (SIM)}^{Attachment 2 - Digital infrastructure, and}^{LIM Electrical}^{. Refer}^{LIM Signage - Overarching}^{for clearances and viewing heights for digital kiosks.}

Telecommunications and connectivity

Table 2: Telecommunications and connectivity

Infrastructure	Application	Key considerations (for open space application)
Telecommunications conduits and pits To house optic fibre for telecommunications. Pits are access points for installations and inspections.	Permanent Below ground	Avoid locating near wet areas such as drainage lines Appropriate location (including appropriate depths) and grouping of embellishments Pit lid must be labelled with corporate identification If located in a pathway, ensure clearances for maintenance access If located in a garden bed, ensure clearance is provided (low growing or groundcover plants only).
Passive optic fibre and active networks Passive optic fibre for network connectivity to all areas of park/reserve where connectivity is required.	Permanent Below ground	Active equipment housed in integrated switchboard Avoid locating near wet areas such as drainage lines Appropriate location (including appropriate depths) and grouping of embellishments.
Electrical conduits and pits To house electrical cabling. Pits are access points for installations and inspections.	Permanent Below ground	Avoid locating near wet areas such as drainage lines Appropriate location (including appropriate depths) and grouping of embellishments Pit lid must be labelled with corporate identification If located in a pathway, ensure clearances for maintenance access If located in a garden bed, ensure clearance is provided (low growing or groundcover plants only).
Internet of Things (IoT) gateways (wireless) Provide very low cost internet connectivity for sensors and devices with non-critical use	Temporary/permanent Pole mounted Shelter mounted (includes roof of public amenities building) Wall mounted.	Suitable for high profile parks/reserves where approved by asset custodian Method of mounting must be approved by asset owner – consider preventative measures to minimise corrosion metal to metal corrosion impacting the integrity of protective coatings. Do not install on trees Select appropriate location, products and finishes to minimise the visual impact Installation location, consider shrouding or integration into the shelter/public amenities building i.e 300 mm diameter PVC cover with lid painted to a colour suitable for the location structural and environmental integration. Installed at highest level available to provide blanket coverage Must comply with International Telecommunication Union Standards and General Data Protection Regulation Uses 915 and 923 AU frequency spectrum Encrypted 4G sim cards and uses council’s own cloud hosting Can use line of sight and non line of sight for connectivity Connected to power supply mains or solar and battery, where required.
WiFi access points (wireless) Connect free public WiFi to location	Permanent Pole mounted Shelter mounted (includes roof of public amenities building) Wall Mounted	Suitable for high profile parks/reserves where approved by asset custodian Requires broadband connectivity from integrated switchboard to pole Method of mounting must be approved by asset owner – consider preventative measures to minimise corrosion metal to metal corrosion impacting the integrity of protective coatings. Do not install on trees Select appropriate location, products and finishes to minimise the visual impact Include identification number and location details Must comply with Australian privacy and security standards Optimise installation location for area of service required.
5G micro cell sites (wireless) Provide improved public access to 5G mobile networks	Temporary/permanent Pole mounted Shelter mounted (includes roof of public amenities building) Wall mounted	As determined through commercial agreement Revenue potential Approval by site custodian Suitable for high profile parks/reserves Method of mounting must be approved by asset owner – consider preventative measures to minimise corrosion metal to metal corrosion impacting the integrity of protective coatings Do not install on trees Select appropriate location, products and finishes to minimise the visual impact Provide a dedicated point of isolation/demarcation for maintenance.

^{For further information also refer}^{Sunshine Coast Smart Infrastructure Manual (SIM)}^{Attachment 3 - Tele-communications and connectivity, and}^{LIM Electrical}^.

Sensors, actuators and devices

Table 3: Lighting

Infrastructure	Application	Key considerations (for open space application)
Smart lighting controls Provide remote management, lighting control, and potential energy savings; for events, pathways or artistic lighting	Temporary/permanent Housed in integrated switchboard	Copper connection, optic fibre, ethernet, or IoT gateway Integration with council’s Central Management System.
Dark Sky friendly lighting Reduce lighting pollution around public lighting and illuminated signage	Luminaires Digital kiosks Digital screens	Refer to council’s Electrical and Lighting Infrastructure Manual and Sunshine Coast Dark Sky Reserve: Draft Lighting Management Plan. Refer to International Dark Sky Reserve designation guidelines for illuminated signs.
Luminaires Provide the ability to dim or change colours for events, celebrations or commemorations	Permanent Pole mounted In-ground	Use lighting controls to allow dimming, activation by motion sensors, and manage colour changes Minimise impact on the natural environment e.g. minimise light spill, impacts on wildlife such as birds, insects.
Remotely controlled artistic lighting Provide remotely controlled lighting to create interest in outdoor spaces and highlight features such as; significant trees, including multi-coloured LED spot lighting, projection of images on buildings, shapes, pathway colours and uplighting	Temporary/permanent Pole mounted In-ground Arbor In seating Walls Artistic installation In tree canopy	Suitable for high profile parks/reserves where approved by asset custodian Products suitable for environment Install in an environment that has casual surveillance to limit vandalism (CPTED principles) Structures/walls/seats with electricals housed inside must provide maintenance access for in-situ repairs Remotely controlled lighting via DMX control (digital multi-plexing) Avoid tree roots or damage to trees Method of mounting must be approved by asset custodian Ensure rock gardens/loose rocks are not close by to reduce the risk of vandalism Minimise impact on the natural environment e.g minimise light spill, impacts on wildlife such as birds, insects
Turtle friendly luminaires Provide adaptive controls (e.g. smart controls, colour timing, motion activation), to reduce the glow of artificial lights in turtle nesting areas, in order to minimise hatchling disorientation and increase survival rates	Temporary/permanent Pole mounted	Luminaires with 3000 K and 667 K amber LED for seasonal lighting IoT gateway connectivity Includes Zhaga presence sensor (or equivalent) for counting and dimming.

^{For further information also refer}^{Sunshine Coast Smart Infrastructure Manual (SIM)}^{Attachment 4 - Advanced smart technologies, and}^{LIM Electrical}^.

Table 4: Environmental

Infrastructure	Application	Key considerations (for open space application)
Environmental monitoring station Provides information on air quality, and noise pressure	Temporary/permanent Pole mounted	Installation location avoids potential for current and future buildings or trees to impact the solar panels. Environmental monitoring station air quality sensors may need to be replaced every 2-3 years to ensure high accuracy.
Ambient temperature sensor Collects temperature and humidity data	Temporary/permanent Pole mounted Shelter mounted (includes roof of public amenities building)	Do not install on trees Mounted on shelters (bracket system) or mounting poles Method of mounting must be approved by asset owner – consider preventative measures to minimise corrosion: metal to metal corrosion impacting the integrity of protective coatings Select appropriate location, products and finishes to minimise the visual impact Mounted at minimum height of 4.0 m with north orientation Orientation, location, and height of install to be assessed appropriate for project purposes. Installation away from heat absorbing objects, unless it is the project purpose Waterproof design.
Weather stations Provide real-time information about wind speed, rainfall and solar irradiance	Temporary/permanent Pole mounted Shelter mounted (includes roof of public amenities building)	Do not install on trees Must be level and clear of trees and obstructions Mounted on shelters (bracket system) or mounting poles Method of mounting must be approved by asset owner – consider preventative measures to minimise corrosion: metal to metal corrosion impacting the integrity of protective coatings Select appropriate location, products and finishes to minimise the visual impact Mounted at minimum height of 3.5 m with north orientation Orientation, location, and height of install to be assessed appropriate for project purposes. Maintain sufficient distance from potential obstructions to minimise interference with data capture during weather events. Waterproof design.
Constructed waterbody water quality sensor Provides oxygenation, salinity, turbidity and other characteristics that turn water pumps on/off to achieve stabilised water quality within the waterbody	Permanent Mounted in pump well Mounted on revetment wall Mounted on real time data buoy.	Location and installation to be approved by site and/or asset custodian Locate to avoid vandalism.
Soil moisture sensor Provides real-time and historical soil moisture data	Temporary/permanent In-ground	Location and installation approved by site custodian Sensor mounted on a pole buried in the ground Connected to IoT gateway Waterproof design Position in a clear area to ensure correct readings captured.
Stream height gauge Monitors water levels and sends alerts when roads, bridges or waterways are about to flood	Temporary/permanent Pole mounted	Do not install on trees Location and installation to be approved by site and/or asset custodian Mounted at levels higher than peak water heights Position in a clear area to ensure correct readings captured Waterproof design.
Wind speed sensor Monitors wind speed and sends alerts for locations relating to significant rain and storm activity to prioritise road closures and open space clean up	Temporary/permanent Pole mounted Shelter mounted (includes roof of public amenities building)	Do not install on trees Location and installation to be approved by site and/or asset custodian Mounted on shelters (bracket system) or mounting poles Method of mounting must be approved by asset owner – consider preventative measures to minimise corrosion: metal to metal corrosion impacting the integrity of protective coatings Select appropriate location, products and finishes to minimise the visual impact Position in a clear area to ensure correct readings captured.

^{For further information also refer}^{Sunshine Coast Smart Infrastructure Manual (SIM)}^{Attachment 4 - Advanced smart technologies, and}^{LIM Electrical}^.

Table 5: Human movement

Infrastructure	Application	Key considerations (for open space application)
WiFi probe counter Counts WiFi enabled devices within a zone, including dwell time to help inform open space planning	Temporary/permanent Pole mounted Shelter mounted (includes roof of public amenities building)	Provide robust enclosure to minimise vandalism Select products to minimise the visual impact Location and installation to be approved by site and/or asset custodian Mounted on shelters (bracket system) or mounting poles Method of mounting must be approved by asset owner – consider preventative measures to minimise corrosion: metal to metal corrosion impacting the integrity of protective coatings Select appropriate location, products and finishes to minimise the visual impact.
Object detection camera Provides people and vehicle counts and categorisation. No private information is captured by these cameras	Temporary/permanent Pole mounted Shelter mounted (includes roof of public amenities building)	Location and installation to be approved by site and/or asset custodian Mounted on shelters (bracket system) or mounting poles Method of mounting must be approved by asset owner – consider preventative measures to minimise corrosion: metal to metal corrosion impacting the integrity of protective coatings Select products to minimise the visual impact Do not install on trees.
Parking bay sensors Provide real-time information about how often parking bays are used, how long vehicles stay, and peak times, to help inform open space planning	Temporary/permanent In ground	Location and installation to be approved by site and/or asset custodian Product designed to minimise vandalism.
Optical surveillance camera (formerly CCTV) Surveillance purposed to provide enhances safety and risk mitigation	Temporary/permanent Pole mounted Wall mounted Building mounted	Location and installation to be approved by site and/or asset custodian Mounted on shelters (bracket system) or mounting poles Method of mounting must be approved by asset owner – consider preventative measures to minimise corrosion: metal to metal corrosion impacting the integrity of protective coatings Select products to minimise the visual impact Do not install on trees. Requires asset custodian approval.
Vibration sensor Counts vibrations to inform use of an area/facility, e.g. dog park gate opening/closing	Temporary/permanent Gate mounted Under bridge/obstacle, e.g. mountain bike track	Placed inside anti-vandalism and waterproof case to protect the sensor.
Passive infrared (PIR) motion sensor Counts number of passing people (one directional) Counts movement of people in both directions	Temporary/permanent Pole Bollard mounted	Dual sensor version enables bi-directional counting. Sensor requires a hood/casing to mitigate likelihood of incorrect data if used in a location with direct sunlight.

^{For further information also refer}^{Sunshine Coast Smart Infrastructure Manual (SIM)}^{Attachment 4 - Advanced smart technologies.}

Table 6: Digital controls and remote monitoring

Infrastructure	Application	Key considerations (for open space application)
Barbecue use sensor Monitors use and power consumption Electrical/mechanical fault alerts to inform management services	Temporary/permanent Inside barbecue cabinet	Ensure size of counter meter fits inside cabinet body and is accessible via the access panel Mount above ground and high inside cabinet to ensure pressure cleaning does not impact device New barbecues to have sensors to capture usage data Grease trap should be same size for all counts to ensure accurate measures.
Waste bin fill level sensor Monitors usage Determines waste level in bins to inform management services	Temporary/permanent Within waste bin enclosure	Suitable for high profile parks/reserves where approved by asset custodian Method of mounting Sensor fastened to bin enclosure with bracket attachment Not to be attached to the waste bin.
Water flow and rain sensor Monitor water usage Detect leaks/blockages Minimise under and over watering of landscaped areas Centralised controlled system Triggers repairs Shuts off irrigation when it rains	Temporary/permanent As per irrigation design Housed in a valve box below ground or installed in an RPZ enclosure	Suitable for high profile parks/reserves where approved by asset custodian Irrigation control systems access weather information from local weather stations to inform daily irrigation regime Different versions service alternative use cases, e.g. water meter on amenities block, irrigation, beach showers Irrigation control systems access weather information from local weather stations to inform daily irrigation regime Included in Hydrawise automated irrigation system Can be hard-wired directly into a controller, or available wirelessly.
Wildlife monitoring camera To identify the type of fauna, number and time of day they move across a location	Temporary Post mounted Fence mounted Tree mounted	Remote programmable digital camera trap with infrared capability Height mounted is variable and entirely dependent on the purpose of the camera e.g. monitoring possums climbing across a rope bridge would be installed in the canopy of a tree. Best used with a security lock box and cable lock to prevent theft and/or vandalism. False triggers before installing the camera, e.g. vegetation in the field of view may move with the wind.
Virtual fauna fence To deter (by making a sound) fauna from crossing major roads	Temporary/permanent Post mounted Fence mounted	Locate in areas where there is conflict between animals and vehicles See LIM Environmental management of fauna and flora for key considerations. e.g. site constraints, design variables.

^{For further information also refer}^{Sunshine Coast Smart Infrastructure Manual (SIM)}^{Attachment 4 - Advanced smart technologies, and}^{LIM Electrical}^{. Also refer}^{LIM Bins}^{for Waste bin fill level sensor,}^{LIM Showers}^{for Water use sensor,}^{LIM Irrigation}^{for Water flow and rain sensor and}^{LIM Environmental management of fauna and flora}^{for Fauna motion sensor and Virtual fauna fence.}